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Coverage & Protection

Dwelling vs. Personal Property Coverage: What's the Difference?

calendar_today Jan 11, 2026 schedule 8 min read

When you look at your home insurance policy, you will see two very large numbers at the top: Coverage A and Coverage C. One covers the house, and the other covers your stuff. But the line between them isn't always clear.

Understanding the distinction is critical because if you have a claim, you need to know which "bucket" of money applies. Here is the simplest way to tell them apart, known as the "Upside Down Test."

rotate_90_degrees_ccw The Upside Down Test

Imagine you could pick up your house, turn it upside down, and shake it.

  • Everything that falls out is Personal Property (Coverage C).
  • Everything that stays attached is Dwelling (Coverage A).

Coverage A: Dwelling

This pays to rebuild the physical structure of your home. It includes everything that is permanently attached to the house.

roofing Roof & Siding
foundation Foundation
kitchen Built-in Cabinets
hvac Furnace & Water Heater
window Windows & Doors
garage_home Attached Garage

Coverage C: Personal Property

This pays to replace your belongings. These are the things you brought into the house when you moved in.

chair Furniture
checkroom Clothing & Shoes
tv Electronics (TV, Laptop)
restaurant Dishes & Cookware
sports_tennis Sports Equipment
straighten Rugs & Curtains

The "Special" Limits (Jewelry & Art)

While your policy covers personal property, it has strict "sub-limits" for certain high-value categories, especially for theft claims.

Category Typical Limit (Total)
Jewelry & Watches $1,500
Furs $1,500
Firearms $2,500
Silverware $2,500

*Note: These limits usually apply only to theft. If they burn in a fire, the full limit often applies. Always check your specific policy language.

Conclusion

Knowing the difference ensures you aren't underinsured. If you just renovated your kitchen (Coverage A), tell your agent to increase your dwelling limit. If you just bought a $5,000 engagement ring (Coverage C), you need to "schedule" it separately, or you might only get $1,500 back if it's stolen.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does personal property coverage protect my stuff outside the home? expand_more
Yes! Coverage C follows you worldwide. If your laptop is stolen from your car or your hotel room in Europe, your home insurance generally covers it (subject to your deductible).
What if I run a business from home? expand_more
Business equipment (laptops, inventory) usually has a very low limit (e.g., $2,500) on standard homeowner policies. You likely need a separate business endorsement.
HI

HomeInsuranceQuotes360 Team

Coverage Specialist

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